饲养母猪断奶 Feeding weaned sows

猪的营养至少讨论的议题之一是如何喂养母猪后仔猪断奶，直到她第一次发情的迹象显示。 有很多的方案，思路和方法！ 它们的范围从第一几天的饥饿喂自由采食，以实现所谓的“冲洗效果。 根据我的经验，没有两个农场用同样的方法，有至少超过几个节目已经成功地使用。

这里需要进一步讨论的区域涉及饲料量从断奶在随后的交配产仔数的影响 - 这是区分作母猪。 以下也许可以解释为什么类似的做法，会导致不同的，往往令人失望，结果在几个农场。 后备母猪的自由采食或附近自由采食饲料摄入程序已经提出，包括那些被限制喂养，但慷慨的程序提出，结束了他们的年龄在交配时间相当沉重。 这样的母猪，几乎无一例外地将无法受益于交配前的最后几个星期增加其采食量。 另一方面，在排卵期和随后的产仔数方面的伟大成果，增加采食量（高达两倍的正常每日津贴），母猪稀侧身体条件上达到交配时间是可以预期的。 对于刚刚完成了哺乳期，冲洗效果最好时的身体状况已大大恶化哺乳期间的母猪。 在这里，再次加倍维护正常（水平）采食量可以加快排卵和增加后续的窝产仔数。 然而，这是一个“便宜”的方法来影响生产力，因为它只会继续快速下滑母猪条件，并降低整体寿命生产力。 这是最好的解决这些问题，在哺乳期的采食量低（在大多数情况下，在怀孕期间过度喂食的结果），对维护水平，并保持母猪在断奶交配期。 读你的想法，这个被忽视的话题上，我会非常有兴趣！

One of the least discussed topics in pig nutrition is how to feed the sow after piglets are weaned and until she shows the first signs of estrous. There are many programs, ideas, and methods! They range from starvation in the first couple days to feeding ad libitum to achieve the so-called 'flushing effect'. Based on my experience, no two farms use the same method, and there is at least more than a few programs that are used successfully.

The area that requires some further discussion here concerns the influence of the amount of feed from weaning to mating on subsequent litter size - and this is to be differentiated for gilts and sows. The following may explain why similar practices lead to different, and quite often disappointing, results in several farms. Gilts that have been raised on an ad libitum or near ad libitum feed intake program, including those that were raised on a limit-feeding but generous program, end up quite heavy for their age at mating time. Such gilts almost invariably will fail to benefit from increasing their feed intake in the last couple weeks before mating. On the other hand, great results in terms of ovulation and subsequent litter size are to be expected on increasing feed intake (up to twice the normal daily allowance) in gilts that reach mating time on the lean side of body condition. For sows that have just completed a lactation period, flushing works best when body condition has been allowed to greatly deteriorate during lactation. Here, again up to doubling of normal (maintenance levels) feed intake can speed up ovulation and increase subsequent litter size. However, this is a 'cheap' method to influence productivity as it will only continue the rapid decline of sow condition and reduce overall lifetime productivity. It is best to address the issues of low feed intake during lactation (in most cases a result of overfeeding during gestation) and keep sows on maintenance levels during weaning-to-mating period. I would be very interested to read your thoughts on this neglected topic!